Orted License. To view a copy of this license, go to http://creative commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/The Supplementary Details that accompanies this paper is available on the Immunology and Cell Biology web page (http://nature/icb)Immunology and Cell Biology
NIH Public AccessAuthor ManuscriptFuture Microbiol. Author manuscript; out there in PMC 2014 July 01.Published in final edited form as: Future Microbiol. 2013 September ; eight(9): 1081?089. doi:ten.2217/fmb.13.79.NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptRadioimmunotherapy of Cryptococcus neoformans spares bystander mammalian cellsRuth A Bryan1, Zewei Jiang1, Alfred Morgenstern2, Frank Bruchertseifer2, Arturo Casadevall3, and Ekaterina Dadachova*,1,three 1Department of Radiology, 1695A Eastchester Road, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA2Institutefor Transuranium Elements, Karlsruhe, Germany3Departmentof Microbiology Immunology, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USAAbstractAim–Previously, we showed that radioimmunotherapy (RIT) for cryptococcal infections working with radioactively labeled antibodies recognizing the cryptococcal capsule decreased fungal burden and prolonged survival of mice infected with Cryptococcus neoformans. Right here, we investigate the effects of RIT on bystander mammalian cells. Materials methods–Heat-killed C. neoformans bound to anticapsular antibodies, unlabeled or labeled together with the -emitter rhenium-188 (16.9-h half-life) or the -emitter bismuth-213 (46-min half-life), was incubated with macrophage-like J774.16 cells or epithelial-like Chinese hamster ovary cells. Lactate dehydrogenase activity, crystal violet uptake, reduction of tetrazolium dye (two,3)-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfenyl)-(2H)-terazolium-5-carboxanilide and nitric oxide production had been measured. Results–The J774.16 and Chinese hamster ovary cells maintained membrane integrity, viability and metabolic activity following exposure to radiolabeled C. neoformans. Conclusion–RIT of C. neoformans is often a selective therapy with minimal effects on host cells and these benefits are consistent with observations that RIT-treated mice with cryptococcal infection lacked RIT-related pathological adjustments in lungs and brain tissues. Keyword phrases bystander effects; Cryptococcus neoformans; fungal infection; NO production; particulate radiation; radioimmunotherapy?2013 Future Medicine Ltd*Author for correspondence: Tel.: +1 718 405 8485, Fax: +1 718 405 8457, ekaterina.dadachova@einstein.yu.edu. Financial competing interests disclosure: This analysis was partially funded by the NIH grant AI060507 to E Dadachova. E Dadachova is often a Sylvia and Robert Olnick Scholar in Cancer Study.1315500-31-2 custom synthesis A Morgenstern and F Bruchertseifer are funded by the European Commission.14871-41-1 Formula The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity using a economic interest in or financial conflict with all the topic matter or supplies discussed within the manuscript apart from those disclosed.PMID:24576999 No writing assistance was utilized inside the production of this manuscript. Ethical conduct of research: The authors state that they have obtained appropriate institutional review board approval or have followed the principles outlined within the Declaration of Helsinki for all human or animal experimental investigations. Furthermore, for investigations involving human subjects, informed consent has been obtained in the participants involved.Brya.
